Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) - 2232 Words

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, (PTSD), is a debilitating condition in which the sufferer constantly and persistently relives a trauma they experienced. The average person associates this disorder with returning veterans of war and the trauma they experienced, but the history and causes of PTSD are more varied than that, as are the treatments for it. This paper gives historical context to the diagnosis of PTSD, explains the causes and treatments for PTSD, discusses how it might be prevented, and explores how culture plays a role in the diagnosis, as well as, how the Christian perspective can be used in the course of treatment. I. Introduction Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is something people have come to know of through†¦show more content†¦All of these symptoms have to occur for greater than a month, impair daily function and not be the result of the use of medication. The purpose of this paper is to provide a history of this condition, its causes, currently accepted treatment options and a possible means of prevention. It will also explore how the Christian perspective can be used in treatment of PTSD. II. The History of PTSD The term posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) first emerged in 1980 in the third edition of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) as published by the American Psychiatric Association. As stated in Antai-Otong in Nursing2006 magazine, PTSD â€Å"is a response to the memory of physical or emotional trauma.† (Anxiety Disorders, p. 48) It is classified as an anxiety disorder along with such things as panic, obsessive-compulsive and social anxiety disorder. It is generally accepted that this diagnosis was the result of the Vietnam War (Marc-Antoine Crocq Louis Crocq, 2000, p.48). This certainly wasn’t the first description of this mental disorder, however. In earlier times, while people didn’t have a name for it, it was described in literature. Such depictions go back to Epic of Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh is troubled after witnessing the death of his friend, Enkidu and is described as wandering from place to place, panicked that he too will die (p. 48). In other times, it

Why We Need Pmp Certification - 717 Words

PMP is one of the most highly recognized and high value certifications in the market. Unlike other certifications, PMP can not be just passed through reading and memorizing the books. You should have a well plan and preparation to clear the exam. That is the reason PMP exam is having more value in the market. Why we need PMP certification? During the last 10 years, there has been a shift towards specialized certifications globally. Although it is important to get a proper college degree, but the importance of certifications is increasing day by day. Globally recognized and respected certification: The PMP certification is globally recognized and respected certification provided by PMI, the leading association of Project Management†¦show more content†¦Certificates mainly certify your expertise and sometimes they are worth more than your practical experience. For example an engineering graduate with 10 years of experience in a certain field may fall behind another engineering graduate in the same field which has 3 years of experience but has a certain certification which is the requirement of hiring company. Also, certain jobs have a requirement for a certification along with formal education, so you are not qualified for the job if you don’t have that certification, no matter how experienced you are in the same field. So, now going towards the question, PMP certification is the top and globally recognized certification in project management. There is no other certification in project management which can be compared with PMP. It basically testifies your knowledge and gives you tools and techniques for better management of projects and their successful completion. So if anyone wants to thrive in project management field, there is no better option than going for PMP. The benefits of getting PMP certification includes, but not limited to: It is globally recognized and accepted. Better job opportunities, many jobs have explicit requirement of PMP certification, so if you are not a PMP, you can’t qualify for them, no matter how much years of experience you have. There are more chances of promotion within your organization and PMP certified individuals generally have more salary than non certified ones. ItShow MoreRelatedProject Management Reflection1174 Words   |  5 PagesPrior to this course, I thought that in order to manage a project you need to be a project manager. However, this course changed my perspective on project management. As I continue to read the book, I realized that I actually manage many projects, and project management is not only limited to organizations. Throughout our lives, we manage many projects from planning a wedding to building a house, some of those projects may take few days and some may take years to complete. In addition, I also learnedRead MoreProject Management Certifications : An Analysis1323 Words   |  6 PagesPROJECT MANAGEMENT CERTIFICATIONS – An analysis INTRODUCTION Projects are vital for business. Successful completion of a project determines the survival of the organization. Increasing number of organizations have recognized that to be successful they need to utilize modern project management techniques. Individuals are also realizing that to be competitive in the work environment they must develop project management skills. Hence the profession of project management is growing rapidly. InternationalRead MoreGuidelines For A Project Management3388 Words   |  14 PagesTerm Paper-PMP S.No Titles Page No. 1 Earning PMP 01 2 Criteria’s need to meet for PMP 04 3 Taking PMP Exam 04 4 Integration Management 05 5 Procurement Management 07 6 H/R Management 09 7 Conclusion 12 â€Æ' How can you go about earning your PMP? Project management is a really attractive profession for those who are serious about career in the line. The PMP is globally well recognized certification with a curriculum broad enough to apply to project environments in almostRead MoreA Research Project On Project Management Essay1244 Words   |  5 Pagesproject that a company, or individual, uses to implement a change or improvement to a product or service. With this definition, I concluded that one of biggest projects I ever managed was when I was approached and began participating in a Greenbelt (PMP) project for a process that I utilize daily basis. The intention of this project was to eliminate email correspondence and create a more streamlined form of communication from engineering to manufacturing in regards to change orders. As the bill ofRead MoreApplied Project Management : Integrated Change Control1005 Words   |  5 PagesApplied Project Management I 1a Individual Assignment Total words-999words Firstly we shall be defining and explaining the meaning of the integration as defined by PMBOK. So basically Integration management is an essential element of the project management which controls all the aspects of any project. All the processes in a project run quite smoothly and in an oriented way when Project integration is performed properly. Project integration, when properly performed, ensures that all processesRead MoreEssay on Project Management Plan of Wyalkatchem3548 Words   |  15 PagesNote: The essay examples we publish on UK Essays have been submitted to us by students. The essays are the student s work and are not examples of our expert essay writers work. We never publish the work produced by our expert writers as their work is unique to the customer that ordered it. Thank you to all the students that have submitted essays to us. Please use the essay below to inspire and help you with your own studies, but please ensure you reference the essay if you quote it in your ownRead MoreProject Management : Business Information Systems Essay2410 Words   |  10 Pagesgiven below: ïÆ'Ëœ Initiation. ïÆ'Ëœ Planning and Design. ïÆ'Ëœ Execution. ïÆ'Ëœ Monitoring and Controlling. ïÆ'Ëœ Closing. Let us have a detailed view on each process group: 1. Initiation: As we very well know that all the projects mainly begin with a plan for a product, service or any other advantageous result. The initiation process group mainly insists the character and capacity of the project. At this stage the nature of the project canRead MoreTop 1 Cause for Project Failure65023 Words   |  261 PagesAnish Mathai Mathew [PMP|MBA] Temenos T24 PROGRAM MANAGER at Union National Bank Featured discussion In your experience, what is the TOP #1 cause for Project failure? From experience, the following are the TOP10 causes of Project failure that Mathew can think of (they are not in any kind of order): #1. Lacking Sponsor s Involvement/Ownership #2. Halo Effect (Wrong Man for the Job) #3. Poor HR Management #4. Poor/Inadequate Project Communications #5. Ignoring Project Stakeholders Read MoreProject Management Interview Protocol.1650 Words   |  7 Pagessince I am interested in this field of work, your willingness to help me understand more about project management is greatly appreciated. Personal Interpretations of Project Management: 1. How would you define project management? (Open-ended) 2. Why did you decided to become a project manager? (Open-ended) 3. What personal qualities do you feel are required to be an effective project manager? (Closed-ended) 4. From 1 – 10, how would you rate project management as a career? (Closed-ended) 5.Read MoreProject Management : Common Project Failures1617 Words   |  7 PagesAll project managers (PM) want their projects to meet all requirements in a timely and cost-effective manner. However, project failure is common in project management because of undefined uncertainties throughout the project. There are many reasons why projects fail and each project can have its own set of complications. Sometimes it is a single incident, but more often than not, several issues that develop over time during the project combined cause a failure. A good project manager must be able

Road Not Taken free essay sample

In the road not taken, a poem about (possibly) an inner journey; I think that the concepts in the poem seem very vague. Because he just mentions that he comes across a forest of some sort, in autumn- He mentions that he comes in a â€Å"yellow wood† so that could be imagery for a forest set in the fell season. and he says that he has to make a decision,, and moves on from there, he doesn’t mention if it’s good or bad. I’d like to think that this poem was not meant to have a definite story given by the writer. I’d like to think that the poem talks about making a choice, in the poem the persona has travelled into a path that goes two separate ways. The path is a metaphor for life, for being conflicted into making choices and from there, moving forward. We will write a custom essay sample on Road not taken or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He says that he doubts he should ever come back, which could mean that he knows he can’t go back on the choices he he makes but from there, flourish. When he says that â€Å"I took the road less travelled by, and that has made all the difference†, It could mean that the choices he made, good or bad, will have made an impact on his life, and I quote, it has made all the difference The Ivory Trail though is more of a Physical Journey then the Road Not Taken and is set in Africa, symbolized by the warm colors shown in the cover, the appearance of the person on the bottom left, the mosque like buildings and the Sphinx. This story is based on a physical journey of a boy, who encounters many journeys as he grows up. In contrast to The Road Not Taken, where the persona is satisfied with their journey, the look of forlorn in the character suggests that he is terrified of something. Possibly growing up, possibly the things one faces as they grow up. This could also suggest that this character is a young person. Because kid is afraid to grow up. If the character were more of an adult then he probably wouldn’t look as worries as he does WORDS: Respite: a short period of rest or relief from something difficult or unpleasant. Denunciations: public condemnation of someone or something. Bartered: exchange (goods or services) for other goods or services without using money. Road Not Taken free essay sample Take a glimps into my brain and see how I perceive it! The literary work that caught my interest was, â€Å"The Road not Taken†, by Robert Frost (1916). Even though this poem may not affect someone else who reads it, I enjoyed its so much. This poem means different things to each person that reads it. I connected with this poem because sometimes I wonder how my life could have been different had I chosen a different road! When I consider this poem both roads were a lot alike—the speaker seems satisfied with the choice, and knows that leaving the other road for future travel is not possible. The choice is not just about a particular road but about a life path as well. (R. Wayne Clugston, 2011) I have come to the conclusion that I thought it dealt simply with making a challenging (less traveled by) choice. However, I now see that it reflects not just on the motive for choosing but on the nature of choice making. We will write a custom essay sample on Road Not Taken or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There appears to be delight, at least satisfaction, on the part of the speaker at the beginning of the poem, but the sigh mentioned at the end suggests that the choice was more complex than it appeared: It reveals the nature of decision making, implying that, at best, its a fuzzy process with ambiguous aspects—both at the moment a choice is made and afterwards. In this way, a wise observation is made through the poem, and important life knowledge is gained. R. Wayne Clugston, 2011) If I was to look at this same poem with an analytical approach using the reader response approach that I would say that this poem caught my imagination because I can actually picture myself on that path and then emotionally connect with the writer because I too reminisce on ways my life could have been different. If I look at it from a Formalists view, the narrator comes upon a fork in the road while walking through a yellow wood. He considers both paths and concludes that each one is equally well-traveled and appealing. After choosing one of the roads, the narrator tells himself that he will come back to this fork one day in order to try the other road. However, he realizes that it is unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to come back to this specific point in time because his choice of path will simply lead to other forks in the road (and other decisions).

Relief of Winged Spirit or Apkallu

Question: Discuss about a Article for Relief of Winged Spirit or Apkallu? Answer: Background A tribe that is now known as the Assyrians within the 800 BCE developed a significant artwork of the deities. Some of the examples that survive today for this particular artwork incorporate a wall panel of the palace of an apkallu, that is known as a winged diety within the culture of Assyria in order to serve a being a guardian of royal bedrooms, gateways, some other areas of the palaces along with the throne rooms (Boardman, Griffin Murray, n.d.). It ought to be noted that the guarding apkallu would be depicted with the mans body with the wings of an eagle. The apkallu has well developed and large muscles that are found to be typical for this sort of time period. The figure has a strong, protuding and defined muscular system and that he appears to be quite peaceful in accordance with the garments and his actions. He has an outfit resembling a priest or a nobleman that is sometimes equipped with numerous jewelry articles. Apart from this, the garment that is utilized by him is righ t down to the fringes on the edges of the cloak and tunic. Therefore, the wall panels just similar to this would be found to be placed to the left and right of the threshlds of the entrance palace for protecting as to what lies within the palace. The people of Assyria lived within a large and significant portion of the Middle East. The empire is usually focused on the city of Nineveh near the River of Tigris and not even that much far away from Babylon. The relief was mainly explored at the Nimruds palace close to the norther border of Iraq and Iran (Durant, 1999). The relief of apkallu was found to be as one of the significant and critical artifacts within the Nimruds palace. As in Egypt and many other ancient cultures, the Assyrians combined the forms of men with animals to create gods or guardians (Noble, 1975). Sculpture Description The artwork within the palace wall panel within the guardian figure demonstrates a scene of a winged diety with a bucket where the use of it will be disussed as below. This is mainly considered to be a close up image associated with bandubbu i.e. an Assyrian bucket mainly held by Apkallu i.e. a protective spirit. The bucket, during certain ceremonies was found to have been filled with fluid and that the Apkallu was found to dip mullilu i.e. a pine cone within it. After this, the Apkallu was then found to have sprinkled the Assyrian king along with the courtiers for purifying them (Jaeger Highet, 1939). Apart from this, the standard incription for Ashurnasirpal II horizontally runs across the top part of the relief. It ought to be noted that the winged figure within such a relief is associated with the mentioend apkallu spirit in the Assyrian texts. This is further explored through protective and magical powers and that the spirit possesses a physique that is stout with musculature t hat is found to be exaggerated. The sculpture shows that he has a bucket within his left hand while in his right one, it seems to sprinkle from a purifier inspired by flower sheaths or spathes from the data palm. The figure also illustrates an imposing image while wearing a richly embroidered robe and a tasseled kit (Stokstad Cothren, 2011). The apkallu has an outfit that has a resemblance with a priest or a nobleman, even furnished with a few articles of adornments. The piece of clothing he wears is point by point, directly down to the edges on the fringes of his cloak and tunic. Apart from the wall panels, for example, these ought to be set to the left and right of the thresholds of the entrance of the palace to secure what lies within the palace. References Boardman, J., Griffin, J., Murray, O.The Oxford history of the classical world. Durant, W. (1999).The life of Greece. New York: Simon and Schuster. Jaeger, W., Highet, G. (1939).Paideia: the ideals of Greek culture. New York: Oxford University Press. Noble, J. (1975). The Wax of the Lost Wax Process.American Journal Of Archaeology,79(4), 368. https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/503070 Stokstad, M., Cothren, M. (2011).Art history. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Community Needs Assessment Essays - Deinstitutionalisation

Community Needs Assessment of the Mentally Ill Homeless Individual Cynthia Diane Hancock Excelsior College Nursing 541 Judith Treschuk Ph.D Abstract The purpose of this paper is to describe the vulnerable homeless population, while focusing on the specific health related problem of mental illness, and the resources available for an effective care program in Kerr County Texas. The vulnerable population of the homeless and the specific health related problem of mental illness is a dilemma that requires improving social and economic resources with which to manage their care. Kerr County Texas has many individuals who are homeless with mental illness and in need of assistance with finding the minimal resources available. Persons who are homeless and mentally ill are generally recognized as the most difficult people to engage and provide with affordable permanent housing. The visibility of the homeless mentally ill persons on street corners, in parks, or under bridges here in America serves as a poignant sign that communities are not meeting the needs of these vulnerable citizens. There is much Kerr County Texas can do to help the homeless persons who are mentally ill. This dilemma calls for improving social and economic resources with which to manage their care. The homeless are in need of advocates to lobby for change on their behalf and provide essential elements of support. The purpose of this paper is to describe the vulnerable homeless population, while focusing on the specific health related problem of mental illness, and the resources available for an effective care program in Kerr County Texas. Description of Aggregate The vulnerable population of homeless people with the existing health related problem of mental illness is a social group which has limited social and economic resources that separates them from mainstream society (Di Martile Bolla, 2008, p. 784). The homeless mentally ill are more disadvantaged than others because health planning focuses on the majority and not this vulnerable group that is disenfranchised in that they are from a low income group with the highest levels of unmet needs for housing assistance and health care. SSI income and housing costs has resulted in an increased number of people with mental illness who either cannot afford housing, and have lost it or hold onto their housing by foregoing other essentials such as food, health care, and clothing (Herb, Miller & O?Hara, 2010). According to the US Surgeon General, as many as one-third of individuals who experience homelessness has a mental illness. Persons who are homeless and mentally ill are generally recognized as the most difficult people to ?engage? and provide with affordable, permanent housing that they can maintain. It is often said that these individuals are ?system resistant.? The system in place doesn?t adequately address their needs and desires (Schwartz, 2005). Several commonalities exist amongst the homeless mentally ill individuals who are often treated with disdain and/or scorned which makes it much easier to ignore their needs. This type of stigmatization frequently causes the mentally ill to avoid seeking the very help that they need. This is a very serious issue because they frequently have multiple health issues in addition to their mental health problems. Another important factor in this area is the fact that many health care professionals have condescending attitudes toward this vulnerable group. Often these caregivers possess some of the same prejudices and misguided ideas about the homeless as those of the society at large (Clark, 2008). These types of attitudes often create communication barriers at the point of first patient provider encounters, thus greatly reducing the likelihood of an effective resolution of the medical issues presented by the homeless individual (Buck, Clark, Kneuper, Melillo Monteiro, Rochon, & Volk, 2005). Frequently the mentally ill homeless resort to various modes of self medication which often lead to use of alcohol or other elicit drugs in an effort to deal with their problems. The use of injectable street drugs presents an array of potential negative outcomes including addiction as well as a high probability of exposure to serious transmissible diseases. This in turn tends to create a self perpetuating cycle involving the elements of mental illness, drug abuse and poor health care seeking behavior. Taken together these conditions also make stable employment and residency problematic. Also, they have

UK Food Waste Management following the European Union (EU) Directives The WritePass Journal

UK Food Waste Management following the European Union (EU) Directives Introduction UK Food Waste Management following the European Union (EU) Directives IntroductionWhat is food waste?Sources of food wasteEffects of food waste to the environmentNew EU directives on food wasteThe Waste Hierarchy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Least preferred management method   FIG 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ORDER OF WASTE MANAGEMENTConclusion  REFERENCESRelated Introduction Global warming is a well known problem facing our society today however, food waste which contributes about 30-31% of global warming is not largely recognised (EIPRO) Environmental Impact of Product. Food waste, a biodegradable waste is largely disposed in landfill due to unawareness of its effect on the environment. Methane gas is released during the degradation process of food waste and this leads to depletion of the ozone layer and eventually global warming. Food waste also leads to waste of fresh water, fuel for transport, soil nutrient and finance Humpries (2010). European Union  Ã‚   ( EU) knowing the effect of food waste to the environment and life in general has established laws and made targets to reduce food waste. What is food waste? Waste and Resource Action Programme (2009) defines food waste as waste made up of raw food materials or cooked materials such as vegetables, spoiled food, meat trimmings and leftovers. It can also be defined as agricultural products unused, worthless or unwanted. Examples of food waste are leftovers from our homes and food service sectors, bones, spoilt food and food that have exceeded their shelf life. Sources of food waste The sources of food waste have been grouped into three major sectors by Waste and Resources Action Programme (2009) Manufacturing and Processing: In this sector food waste is unavoidable particularly with products such as meat. Bones and animal organs which may not be consumed are examples of unavoidable waste in this sector. Legislative restriction on outsize production of fruit and vegetables is another unavoidable means of food waste Commission Regulation NO 1221/2008. Retail Sector: The sector includes all sales outlets, wholesale and retail. Food waste in this sector is generated due to overstocking of food products with short shelf lives without matching of demand, Organisation for Economic Co-operation Development (OECD) (2002). Marketing strategies (two for one deal) is used by retailers to reduce food waste from their sector however, ends up shifting the waste to household where is to enough time to consume these products. Household and food service sector: This sector was analysed in UK by Waste Resources Action Programme (2009) as of one the major sources of food waste. It further states that almost half of food waste is generated at this sector. In disagreement with Waste Resources Action Programme, Laura and Jon (2008) argues that the percentage of food waste contributed by household and food service sector is less than half with constant development of food industries and supermarket in the UK. European Commission (2008) reveals that unawareness of the effect of food waste to the environment, finance and percentage of waste produced by this sector to total food waste accumulated yearly as one of the major causes of food waste in this sector. Effects of food waste to the environment Environmental Impact of Product (EIPRO) points out that for proper analyses of the effect of food waste on the environment, research should be carried out on the general life cycle or stages of food (production, distribution transport) before and after it becomes waste. According to Kassem (2010) food been biodegradable has lead to increase level of food waste in land fill leading to increased emission of methane gas and further depletion of the ozone layer causing global warming.   Similarly, Kassem (2010) and Vidal (2002) agreed that food production consumes 70% of the world’s fresh water. The work of United Nations Environmental Programme (2009) reveals that most of the food produced ends up as waste thus leading to wastage of fresh water. In reference to Jodie Humpries (2010) other resources wasted as a result of food waste includes soil nutrient, energy put in during agricultural process and fuel for transport. New EU directives on food waste The European Union is a body that controls or Legislates environmental issues. Food waste, an environmental issue is under control by some binding laws. The new EU Directives on food wastes 2008/98/European Commission simplifies how food waste should be controlled or managed. The Waste Hierarchy Preferred Option   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Least preferred management method    FIG 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ORDER OF WASTE MANAGEMENT Fig 1 illustrates the New EU Waste Directive Hierarchy (2008) which directs member state (MS) on the path to follow for effective management of food waste. This waste hierarchy gives high priority to waste prevention and very low priority to landfill. However unavoidable food waste can either be re-used, recycled or use for energy recovery Article 22 of Revived Waste Framework requires member states to set up separate collection of bio- waste, treat bio- waste in ways that is friendly to the environment and use   materials produced from recycled from bio- waste that are safe. The Directive also instructed member states (MS) to recycle 50% of waste from household by 2020. Salmon (2009) points out that the fundamental laws outlined in the food waste directives (prevention, re- use, recycling, energy recovery and landfill for last resort) are been practically employed in the UK. Conclusion Proper management of food in UK following the European Union (EU) Directives (prevention, re-use, recycling, energy recovery and landfill for last resort) will reduce food waste disposed in landfill and eventually methane gas and global warming.   REFERENCES Commission Regulation (EC) no 1221/2008 0f 5 December 2008: eur-lex.europa.eu/Lexuriserv/Lexurisev.do?uri=oj:l:336:0001:0080:EN:PDF EC   (2008). Green paper on the management of bio-waste in the European Union, Brussels, Belgium. Jodie.H.(2010). The impact of domestic food waste on climate change. Retrieved March 10, 2011 from nextgeneration food.com/news/looking-at-food-waste/ John. V (August, 2002). Earth’s liquid asset. The Guardian, p.6. Laura.B and Jon.H (2008). How to break the habit of wasting food. Retrieved March 10, 2011, from guardian.co.uk/environment/2008/jul/08/food.ethicalliving?INTCMp=SRCH Norem. K. (2010). How to reduce food waste waste .Retrieved March 8, 2011 from suite101.com/content/how-to-reduce-food-waste-a212264. OECD (2002). Environmental Impacts and Policy Responses.Retrieved March 10, 2011 from oecd.org/department/0,3355,en_2649_34331_1_1_1_1_1,00.html Salmon.B (2009).The waste frame work directive explained. Retrieved March 10, from hg.org/law-firms/USA-Environmental -and-Natural-References.html. United Nations Environmental Programme. (2009). environment’s role in averting food crisis. United Nations Environment Programme:GRID-Arendal Waste and Resources Action Programme (2009). Household and drink waste in the UK.Retrieved March 8,2011 from wrap.org.uk/retail_chain/grocery/food/index.html

Family Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Family Law - Essay Example The professional license itself would not have separate value. However, if the license was acquired during the marriage to the other partner’s detriment, the court would likely seek to equalize the benefit accrued to the licensed partner. The court has adopted the rules pertaining to the dissolution of business partnership to apply to the division and distribution of property in divorce cases. See Gussin v. Gussin, 73 Haw. 470, 483–84, 836 P.2d 484, 481 (1992). â€Å"Under general partnership law, each partner is entitled to be repaid his contributions to the partnership property, whether made by way of capital or advances.† Tougas v. Tougas, 76 Hawai‘i 19, 27, 868 P.2d 437, 445 (1994) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). Then, absent â€Å"agreement to the contrary, ‘partners share equally in the profits of their partnership, even though they may have contributed unequally to capital or services.’ â€Å" Id. (quoting Gardner v. G ardner, 8 Haw.